Gross national expenditure on research and experimental development (GNERD) is the sum of fundings used by the business enterprise sector (NBERD) and by the public sector (NGOVERD + NHERD + NPNPERD) located in the national territory for research works carried out in France or abroad.
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Gross national expenditure on research and experimental development (GNERD) is the sum of fundings used by the business enterprise sector (NBERD) and by the public sector (NGOVERD + NHERD + NPNPERD) located in the national territory for research works carried out in France or abroad.</p></div>